Senior Wills
Elana Michele Goldberg
Daniel Goldberg: Takashi Sanchez, KCUSY, the HBHA upper school, skype, newspaper, Ben Jolson, café Mondays, my toilet (one time only!!)
Adena Goldberg: HALF of my closet, my bathroom, my sweatpants, soccer, café Mondays, Mr. Gyros Greek salad
Jonathan Edelman: Emtza USY, your hot tub, my basement, my trundle bed, Ernie and Bert regalia, a free pass to tag the Toyota Corolla, café Mondays, Glee, Herzl Camp
Hannah Azorsky: Emtza USY, the senior parking lot, the opening section of the yearbook, science and dissections, the United States government, Bundt cake, café Mondays
Justin Rose: oldest in our family
Zac Picker: rides until you leave
Jed Linafelt: HBHA for the next 12 years : )
Shahar Bareli and Nathan Mendel: family #11
Junior Girls Soccer Players: The Lady Rams (capable of climbing Masada)
Ethan Scharf and Avery Parkhurst: Rams Cross-Country
Ms. Cohen: a point
Mr. Wilcox: the newspaper, marble/Bundt cake
David Eric Handler
Rachel Oberman: Doctor Who, Power Ranger Daleks.
Zac Picker: Torchwood, “Have You Seen Children of Earth Yet?”
Maggie Herman: The Kansas City Royals, Gyros
Jonathan Edelman: Baseball (it is a sport)
Michael Azbel: Karate Class
Justin Rose: “Are you gonna eat that pickle?”
Ethan Kaseff: “Party in the USA”
All Senior Guys: COD and Halo
Veronika Yatskevich: Korma Sutra
Mrs. Meltzer: Jewish film, politics, discussions about Zionism, The Simpsons go to Israel.
Turner Sousley: Top Chef, every show on HBO or Showtime.
Jeremy Gutovitz: Google Translate
Mr. Clauer: Communists
Joel Mann: “Ah Naaaa”
Ms. Cohen: “It’s 4 in the morning!”, betting on Ethan
Mr. Wilcox: marble/Bundt cake
Hillary Jean Gutovitz
Jeremy Gutovitz: the oldest in the house, the van.
Joel Gutovitz: all your ladies
Maggie Herman: my wing woman, the around the world tour, a baggie
Jonathan Edelman: new pair of New Balance shoes
Josie Thomas, Hannah Caplan, Shoshanna Margolies: Saadia
Mikayla Davis: Jakey at the front desk!
Shira Levine: cousins!, Meltz, Rabbi Sosover, granola bars and gum. yes"">
Shandra Haner: a GPS
Jake Rose: a boutonniere
Hannah Azorsky: scoop ball, my vote for most gangsta
Rebecca Leah Berger
Maggie Herman: Ballin' Benchwarmer Buddies, bball team, unproductive workouts, G'vinah and the basketball team, SCOOP BALLA and badminton!
Aaron Towle: Eric Rabinowsky, an empty seat next to you in Hebrew, a box of tissues and cold medicine, Family #5, a visa, mayim!
Hannah Azorsky: Plane Buddies, a large bag of assorted types of pretzels, the monk, SCOOP BALLA and badminton!
Jonathan Edelman: Yearbook Photographer, Mr. Welton and Ms. Seibers
Shira Levine: the Shiria Levine song, 5:30 am basketball practices, my spandex, and the bball team.
Jeremy Gutovitz and Max Fogel: speech class, Haikus, and a double pounder CHEESEBURGER.
Mikayla Davis: snacks, Israelis, dress shopping, shoes! and the basketball team.
Jake Rose (Jakey): a slice of cheese and the daily hug.
Hanah Bratt: all of our shared classes, a large bag of water (don’t spill it), and a bag of gummies.
Sam Abrams: Stuco, and the favorite freshman award
Benjamin Meir White
Aaron Towle (Eric): Champion of the world!
Ben Solomon: licking foil
Justin Rose: Ricky Ross
Jacob Mehari: fudge graham cookies
Jake Rose (Jakie): the stare down
Jeremy Gutovitz: mike bibby
Max Fogel: Cristo Rey Lady Pumas
Sam Abrams (Shmoop): de loop
Michael Azbel (Maz): the eternal nickname
Mike Ingersoll: the 816
Maggie Herman and Ari Wolf: Meltz
Mr. Wilcox: marble/Bundt cake
Ilana Yafa Heisler
Maggie Herman: my closet, Friday night movie night, Alison’s baked goods, stealing Sarah’s bed, Sunday afternoon walks, lunch dates, road trips with Mark & Vicks, Royals games/Kauffmann,
Ms. Cahlon’s 1 on 1, XC, basketball, soccer, dp’s, boy talk
Hannah Azorsky (Azor): stuffed crust pizza at eleven, don’t worry about it, 4:15 wake up calls, matching outfits, dp’s
Hannah Caplan: dinner at my house before soccer games, farts out of our mouths, rides to KI, baking together at 9 at night, skype dates, online dress shopping, Barney Goodman, dp’s, boy talks
Jake Rose: all my love, Friday nights at the Gutovitz’s, DMC’s (deep meaningful conversations)
Jonathan Edelman (Jono): Dean & Deluca, lunch dates, stress-shopping sprees
Daniel Goldberg and Zac Picker: bagel sales
Shoshanna Margolies (Shana): the towels & rugs you personalized at my house
Shira Levine: my sweet basketball skills, foo’s v. Sheridan’s
Sarah Herman: Saadia?, ghetto music
Sam Abrams (Shmoo): my navy sweatshirts
Mikayla Davis: skype dates, “there’s a party… what?”, Saturday afternoon workouts, dress shopping
Ricardo Zepeda: school family
Shira Levine: school family
Davida Rosenthal: my clothes, my snacks
Mr. Wilcox: marble/Bundt cake
Sahar Elharar
Veronika Yatskevich: Herbert, chemistry labs, and exploding marshmallows
Davida Rosenthal: our family, good luck
Ari Wolf: monkey man, a pillow for 8th period
Ben Solomon: my lucky painting shirt, rides back home, and all red Buggies in OP
Mike Ingersoll: Egyptian lamp parties : )
Jake Rose: the house, the restaurant, and our 19 children, + 20,000 fortune cookies
Shahar Bareli: spicy Kashio chicken (extra spicy)
Max Fogel: my band hero microphone
Avery Parkhurst: spaghettidenishland
Tyler Marchick: the blue binder, favorite HBHA kid around
Mr. Welton: box of dry ice
Ms. Knight: “its all about us”
Mr. Wilcox: I leave you Snoopy. Keep him happy.
Justin Rose: my heart
Hannah Lee Gortenburg
Mrs. Meltzer (Meltz): my love
Mr. Clauer: my statistics skills
Everyone else: the ability to make it through high school
Michael Benjamin Davidson
Sam Abrams: the fam
Avery Parkhurst: tzitzis
Jacob Mehari: COD
Ben Solomon: less COD than Jacob
Jake Rose: the NBA, to share w/ his little friends!
Hanah Bratt: a room filled w play dough
Shandra: ruler of India, cats
Davida Rosenthal: a nice hat
Aaron (Urx) Towle: NOFFING! YEAH!, nah jk, hurz some snackinz
Justin Rose: the legacy of beard
Ari Wolf: rabbi shluff
Veronika Yatskevich: han solo
Mike Ingersoll: mizurrah
Mrs. Meltzer (Meltz): Hebrew! I remembered you Meltz!
Cameron Burns: control of the freshmen
Joel Micah Mann
Ari Wolf: The Shabbat Family, Dippage, The bear den, food, sleep
Shira Levine: Car Window Paint, Late night excursions, and my car
Mikayla Davis: Brownies, Frolicking late at night, A list of things not to do, my flippy floppies
Daniel Goldberg: The Kum and Go's, The Varsity Bench
Mike Ingersoll: Hand shakes, Morning showdowns
Nathan Mendel: The stare and point of doom
Justin Rose: Stomp
Sam Abrams (Shmuel): The Varsity Bench
Zac Picker: The art room
Jake Rose: My computer
Aaron Towle: My shoes that killed the snail
Michael Azbel: helping Ethan change during the play
Davida Rosenthal: Mendel
Jeremy Gutovitz: The michitza minyon
Turner Elliott Sousley
Ms. Cahlon: Mr. Sousley, Ms. de Garay, Ms. Kaseff, Moose.
Rabbi Sosover: Best Friday night dinner, Jewish stories.
Ms. Knight: Herff Jones, Shakespeare, and your son’s friend who looks like me.
Mr. Welton: Conservation Licenses, Current issues in science, God’s Medicine.
Mr. Wilcox: O’Hare Airport, marble/Bundt cake
Ms. Reichman: Ben Solomon and my brother, my portfolio, your oil paints, portrait of rural America.
Mr. Clauer: my love for math, Common App, Pauer of the School.
Ms. Meltzer: love of life, Pesachzon.
Adon Altshull: babysitting, best class ever, sports camp recommendation.
Mrs. Bratt: points, tardies, community service hours.
Mr. Haas: all the smiling faces of HBHA.
Rachel Kaseff and Alex de Garay: Moos Beis Din photo album, Ms. Cahlon.
Shandra Haner and Hanah Bratt: Mike, Justin, and fluent Hebrew.
Anna Kaseff: high-fives in the hallway.
Aaron Towle (AT): crumbs, sips and
Jacob Mehari: my KdR and text from Slater about COD
Ben Solomon: all the schools artistic ability, Towlie.
Mike Ingersoll: my angel food cake recipe
Justin Rose: my soccer skills, my favorite Israeli, conversations with my parents
Slater: SSousley, house, the basement and its contents, digi P and C.E. (until I get back), My car, America, Mom and Dad
Ethan Michael Kaseff
Mr. Wilcox: Bundt cake and Marble cake
Mr. Clauer: My Kipah and our talks
Justin Rose: that last bowl of cereal
Daniel Goldberg: that last 15 minutes with Jolson
Slater Sousley: your basement
Mike Ingersoll: rooftop talks
Aaron Towle: bus ride talks
Rachel Kaseff: Anna and the rest of the family (have fun)
Anna Kaseff: our parents... good luck :)
Jacob Mehari: a long drive... definitely worth it
Shoshanna Margolies: here chickie chickie chickie :)
Shandra Haner: extremely short ride home
Ari Wolf: Uncle Jimmy
Mrs. Bratt: an I o u
Farewell to Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy
David Handler/The Academy Voice
After a long year, my senior year is finally ending. As my final days slowly come to an end, I find that my feelings about leaving this school are mixed.
At times I feel a tremendous amount of excitement about leaving the school. Despite what may be said, the Academy is not a perfect institution and at times, I have found my experience here at
the Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy less than ideal and there have certainly been policies at the Academy that I have disagreed with.
At the same time I do feel a sense of apprehension. I have walked these halls for thirteen years. In that time I have become familiar with the rooms and little quirks associated with the bathrooms and fountains. Many of the students and the faculty I have seen nearly everyday for years. I have even parked in the same spot for the bulk of the past four years.
Although these little quirks may seem monotonous, they have been a bit comforting over the years. I know where things are here. I know how things work. When I go off to college next fall I would have to rediscover everything about my new surroundings. There will be new faces; new buildings and I will be thrust into the unknown.
Even though I don’t know exactly what will happen next fall I know that I cannot stay here. Being human means that we cannot cling to our past forever and at some point we all must leave the comfort of our surroundings and venture out beyond the safe waters of the harbor to grow and discover who we truly are.
Although at times I will miss the safety and familiarity that the Academy provides, I look forward to the uncertainty and adventure the future provides. As the sun sets on my days at the Academy, it is time to say goodbye to those who have helped me through the past thirteen years, and in the words of Edward R. Murrow, “Good Night, and Good Luck.”
HBHA Students Take AP Exams
Sarah Herman/Special to the Academy Voice
Its that time of the year again, time for AP testing. On Mon. May 2 the Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy advanced placement students took their first AP test of the year. Advanced placement, or AP, is a program where students around the world can learn and achieve at the highest level. Taking an advanced placement test is the equivalent of college-level courses and exams. By doing this, you can earn college credit, stand out in the admissions process, and learn from exceptional teachers. However, some teachers feel differently about the AP exams.
"Personally, I think that the AP exams are losing the prestige that they used to have. More and more colleges are not excepting the AP scores and of lot of what the teachers are suppose to teach are not relative to what the students should be learning for college. This is why I give my students the chance to get UMKC credit for their English courses.", said English Department Chair, Cynthia Knight.
There are over 30 different AP courses offered all over the world and the AP courses offered this year were AP United States government, AP statistics, and AP English Literature and Composition. The AP US government test was on Mon. May 2, it started around eight a. m. and lasted until twelve p.m. The AP statistics exam was Tues. May 3, which started at twelve p.m and ended around four p.m. The AP English Literature and Composition exam was on Thurs. May. 5, it started at eight a.m. and lasted until twelve p.m.
"The AP government test was very challenging, mentally adn physically. The test was four hours long and by the end my brain was fried and my hand was in grueling pain.", said junior Maggie Herman.
HBHA Students Face Two Weeks of Finals
Rachel Oberman/Special to the Academy Voice
Finals for Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy upper school students will be spread over two weeks this year. The final for Hebrew will be taken in class on May 27th, the other exams start on May 28th and go to June 2nd. Between May 28th and June 1st the students have a three day weekend, which doesn't normally happen.
"Uh, NO! this is not a good thing!" said freshman Emma Reynolds "it's going to be really hard for me to get back in the right mind set for finals after being gone and doing nothing for three days, its just weird."
"This is so stupid! Finals should only be in one week, like they normally are so that we can get them done and over with, and then leave." said junior Jonathan Edelman
This three day weekend gives students two options, to sit and do nothing all weekend and not think a single second about finals, or to use the time to cram in some more studying.
"I really don't like that it's spread over two weeks." said junior Shandra Haner "I wish that it was just in one week because having it like this is just too long of a time period to be worried about finals."
"I think that this is a great idea!" said Judaic Studies teacher Michal Calhon "This gives us to benefits, one it saves us from having an even longer school year, and it gives the students a long weekend for some more studying."
"I think that it's great" said freshman Avery Parkhurst "Finals are normally more stressful than the rest of the year, so having a weekend in between will give me time to relax and get ready for the next set of tests."
Eight-Grade Heads to Chicago
Nathan Mendel/Special to the Academy Voice
On May 10, 2010, the Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy eighth-graders left for Chicago to tour the city. Every year the middle school students leave school to go on an educational trip. The sixth-graders go to Camp Sabra, the seventh-graders go to Arizona, and the eighth-graders get to go to Chicago. Although the place is usually the same, the schedule is updated every year when some new fun opportunity is available to students.
“[This year] we are spending a day in Skokie because the holocaust museum [is there] and moving the scavenger hunt to the second evening,” said Danny Altshull excitedly.
According to ilholocaustmuseum.org, the Holocaust Memorial foundation was created in the 1970s after a threat that neo-Nazis would march in Skokie. After 1981, the museum was created to educate people about the holocaust and why we can’t let it happen again.
Eighth-grader Ricardo Zepeda was looking forward to the trip and said, “[I am exited to] miss a couple days of school, hang out with friends, be in the big city, and [go to] Skokie…”
Freshman Michel Azbel had this to say about his 8th grade trip, “I liked that I got to walk on water in an illusion, and also the ESPN Zone was cool.”
The water illusion was in a fountain in millennium park and ESPN Zone is a sports bar/ arcade that the eighth-graders went to last year. Hopefully the eighth-graders this year will have a good of a time as Azbel had on their upcoming trip.
Seventh-Graders Off to the Grand Canyon
Cameron Burns/Special to the Academy Voice
The Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy seventh-grade class left for Arizona on May 10, 2010 and will return on May 14, 2010. The class will go to Flag Staff, the Grand Canyon, Sunset Crater and will go hiking. They will also be sleeping in tents for three days and then will return on the fourth day. Middle School Science teacher Cody Welton and Director of Student Services Netta Krashin and Rabbi Schulgasser will be supervising the trip.
“I’m thrilled, exited and anticipating something far beyond what I have seen before,” Krashin said.
“I’m exited because I get to camp out with friends and I get to see a national landmark,” seventh-grader David Robinow said.
Seventh-grader Ezra Smith said, “ I’m hoping that I don’t get bit by a squirrel, like my friendly 9th grader who got bit by a squirrel two years ago.”
The 37th Annual HBHA Civic Service Awards Dinner
Sam Abrams/Special to the Academy Voice
The Hyman Brand’s celebratory dinner and fund-raiser at the Hyatt Regency Crown Center at 6 p.m. on Sunday, May 2 had everyone excited.
Howard Hass, headmaster of Hyman Brand, said, “We have had an extraordinary year, and this event is the cherry and the icing on top of it all.”
The Business attire affair began with cocktails, and continued with a live auction led by the Hyman Brand senior class, a jazz concert, the presentation of the Civic Service Award, and finally, dessert and coffee.
HBHA senior Joel Mann said, “Honestly, the most anticipated part of the whole night was the desserts. The chocolate and coffee didn’t disappoint.”
Perhaps the most coveted on the list of auction items was the posibility of choosing a name for the HBHA’s circle drive, among other items.
Freshman Rachel Kaseff said, “The auction was awesome because my dad won a lunch with Bill Self, the men’s basketball coach at Kansas University. My dad has had season tickets to KU for a while now, and is a big fan of the head coach.”
The two award honorees were Rosalyn and Howard Jacobson, grandparents of HBHA students, who have long been leaders in the Kansas City Jewish community.
Mr. Jacobson, is a Kansas CIty native, and a graduate of Southwest High School, and Missouri University, in Columbia, Missouri. Jacobson’s career as a financial advisor has not kept him from holding many important community positions, including being the former chairman of the board of the Jewish Community Center, past president of the Jewish Federation, board member of Jewish Vocational Services, and many others. Jacobson is also prominent in other aspects of the greater Kansas City area, participating on the boards of the City of Fountains, Starlight Theatre, and FBI Citizens Program, among others.
Martha Atlas, a Hyman Brand staff member, said of the Jacobsons, “They have been so influential in the community and although they have been offered honorary awards at many area functions, this is the first that they have accepted.”
Although the civic service award has been given for decades, the Kochvei Shavit, Rising Stars for emerging leadership award, is in its inaugural year. The four honorees are Joe Loeffler, Erika Feingold Velasquez, Renee Reynolds, and Joe Zwillenberg, all either HBHA parents or former students.
This year’s occasion carried the theme “We are Family”, and the Aretha Franklin song of the same name introduced the beginning of the festivities sunday night. Two seniors, Ben White and Elana Goldberg, were honored with the task of doing the birkat which began the dinner. After the meal, a jazz concert was held by the famed Minne Edwards and Friends band, who were accompanied by a dancing performance by selected middle school HBHA students.
Seniors Ethan Kassef and Rebecca Berger prepared speeches about HBHA experiences, and the whole senior class attended the event to enjoy the completion of their high school academic careers.
Berger said, “This was one of my last chances to express in words the way that Hyman Brand has changed the vast majority of my youth. I know that tonight will remain a really important and lasting moment in my academic career and in life.”
The Generations Project
Jonathan Edelman/The Academy Voice
The attendees of the 2010 Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy Civic Service Award Dinner were treated to the sites and sounds of The Generations Project. The photographs featured at the Civic Service Award Dinner were a photographic look into the lives of members of the HBHA family.
In January, Paul Lerner and HBHA Principle Gayle Gray approached me to discuss an opportunity for me to take some pictures. I love photography and immediately accepted. They told me about an amazing opportunity I would have to photograph some twenty families from HBHA. What I did not realize was how much work I had ahead of me. Over the next two months, I traveled around the Greater Kansas City area, meeting and photographing these twenty amazing families. My experiences with all of them were incredible. I met students, parents and even future students from our school. This project really shows the diversity of the HBHA. While most of the families engaged in similar activities, they all did them in their own unique way. Ninety hours of editing and some 10,000 pictures later, I had the final shots for The Generations Project.
It was a very meaningful experience for me because it gave me the opportunity to meet new people and make new friendships. When I see the kids that I photographed in the hall, I always receive the biggest smiles. That was truly the best part of this whole project.
At the dinner itself, there were fourteen blown up pictures of the families from the Generations project and some sixty other photographs in a slide show presentation.
Hall Pass Hysteria
Daniel Goldberg/Special to the Academy Voice
How are a block of wood, pom-poms, a floppy disk, a wooden cube, a couple bricks, and a clipboard similar? Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy students know that answer. After the removal of the written hall pass system used until the 2006-2007 school year, teachers used a “passport” found in the back of the student’s planners. Once planners weren’t given at the beginning of each year, teachers began to get creative with their hall passes.
“I chose a brick to be my hall pass because it was very obnoxious. The bothersome task of carrying a brick to the toilet is enough to keep my students in class,” said upper school science teacher Lois Cohen.
Students argue about which teacher has the most creative hall pass. After conducting a poll of 54 high school and middle school students, there is a clear winner of the Pom-Pom, but the debate scontinues.
No pass 12 votes
Wooden Block 3 votes
Pom-Pom 21 votes
Floppy Disk 4 votes
Block Of Wood 2 votes
Brick 8 votes
Clipboard 4 votes
“I’m a big fan of the raise your hand and go policy. The thought that every kid takes the pass into the bathroom and touches it really grosses me out. I am all for cleanliness and would encourage all teachers to adopt the invisible pass,” said freshman Sam Abrams.
“Mrs. Pellman’s block (of wood) has to be the best. I can swing it on the string and toss it down the hallway en-route to the bathroom. It allows for maximum enjoyment to and from the hallway,” said junior Justin Rose.
“Ms. Cohen’s brick is the worst of them all. This is especially truthful when you are in a hurry as you have to lug that thing around,” said senior Turner Sousley.
“I want to applaud Ms. Knight her pass is extraordinary. I have always wanted to be a cheerleader and her hall pass (Pom-Pom) allows that even if it is just for a little while,” said freshman Avery Pankhurst.
As the year dwindles to an end and a new year is on the horizon, students and teachers alike can only image the creativity of the hall passes the 2010-2012 school year.
Fifth-Grade Students Visit Exchange City
Josie Thomas/The Academy Voice
Fifth-grade students from the Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy got the chance to visit Exchange City on Thurs. Apr. 29. At Exchange City, the fifth-grade students got to experience what adults feel like for a day. Exchange City is a work day for kids, and you learn how to deal with money, writing checks and using credit cards.
“I was an environmental safety inspector and I always had something to do,” said fifth-grader, Lauren Hassan. My job is kind of like a health inspector, but it was tiring and fun. Having a job makes you feel like an adult and understand how hard your parents work for you”.
The students on the field trip are given a simulation job for a day; for instance, Hassan was an environmental safety inspector. Nancy Franks, Fifth Grade General Studies Teacher, was the advisor of the trip and helped the students manage their jobs. These fifth-graders also got a break for lunch, and a break for grocery shopping to run errands like adults.
“We handled money a lot, and my job was cool because I was a cashier,” said Gabriel Mullokandov, fifth-grader. “Mrs. Franks came along and it was a lot of fun too. My favorite parts were making the popcorn, and buying because I felt like an adult for a day”, he added.
A Taste of Middle School
Daniel Goldberg/Special to the Academy Voice
The fifth-graders at Hyman Brand got a taste of middle school on Monday when they traveled upstairs for a day spent shadowing the sixth-grade. Before they went for their day as middle school students the thoughts of what middle school was about just a mental picture. Only now, once they have returned do they really know what lies ahead when August rolls around.
“Most of the kids were apprehensive at first, although after a little time they seemed to get the hang of the unknown world know to them as, middle school. They all did same the same thing when we got back to the classroom and discussed, the biggest problem was no recess in middle school,” said fifth-grade teacher Nancy Franks.
“I was pretty overwhelmed, it was very chaotic but at the same time fairly orderly. By next year I know my way around, and I can thank shadowing for that,” said fifth-grader Leah Sosland.
Many of the current middle school teachers and kids felt as if the addition of the fifth-graders had no effect on their normal activities.
“The kids (fifth-graders) were great. Maybe it was because they were scared out of their pants, but they were quiet and respectful, even the ones whom I was warned about. We had to go outside because of the large number of kids that were in the classroom and even then they were not a rowdy bunch. I had them write a poem about the absolute worst first day of middle school and they didn’t seem fazed at all,” said middle and upper school English teacher Mike Bannen.
“I can’t wait until they get to middle school next year. I could relate to them when it came to the unfamiliarity because I am a first year student,” said sixth-grader Naomie Sharf.
With a new year on the horizon and a new beginning in middle school the current fifth-grade class has no reason not to sit back and enjoy the rest of their elementary school careers while getting exited for the new middle school experience even if there is no recess.